Sherburne Skywarn. Covering portions of Northwestern Anoka, Southwestern Isanti and Southern Mille Lacs Counties.
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Example of a bow front storm on NEXRAD. on this cell there arewhat is called a "V" notch (Center Left, rear of cell) and a "Hook -Echo" to the lower right of
the "V" Notch. These are both strong indicators of strong turbulance and tornadic features. Arrows
indicate storm paths while yellow squares indicate hail falling. Black squares indicate Lightning.
No tornadoes have been spawned as of yet but were later on during the storm.
Welcome to the new Sherburne County Skywarn Website. We are affiliated with ARES, The National Weather Service and You can find us on 146.970Mhz on your scanner or Ham Radio. The "97" is owned by John Krisek, K0CJD,The repeater coverage was inmproved greatly last fall and has been extensively tested. It's output power of 40 Watts has been noted east at St. Croix Falls, (S-5), South at Chanhassen with an (S-9, full quieting) To the west at Annandale at (S-4) and North at St.Cloud at (S-4). All stand alone, no recieve sites. Myself as well as everyone using the .97 Thank you John for your continued support and devotion to Sherburne County and Minnesota. Special Thanks to John Smolenski, N0YR for all of his expertise and kindness to myself and the community, the people effected by his work with the health/welfare program and Skywarn. John Also works with the Hennipen County Sheriff's Communications Unit. Thanks also To Dan Shartle the EC for Sherburne County Amateur Radio Emergency Services, See the Sherburne ARES site at www.shercoares.com
This is what we prepare for all year long. When you see weather like this approaching. Be assured that we
are watching and ready to warn you well in advance.
About Us.......
Our Team members come from a variety of backgrounds but all have a common goal to serve the community in times of crisis and have a specific interest in weather and how it effects our lives and how we react to changes in the weather and survive the aftermath of severe storms.
Most of our members are Amateur Radio Operators You do not have to be a "Ham" But it helps greatly and is a great hobby. Some of our team members belong to ARES, The Amateur Radio Emergency Service which is separate from Skywarn but serves the community and even outside of their communities in time of need. Working in cooperation with agencies such as Minnesota Homeland Security and FEMA, Red Cross and the Salvation Army.
During Hurricane Katrina members assisted Public Safety agencies with emergency communications capabilities but more importantly passed on health and welfare messages to families and relatives missing or unheard from.
Cellphones went dead immediately or after a couple of days. Land lines were down, Fiberoptic cables were disrupted also. This led to little or no communication. The Media was on hand to show what was happening but Amateur Radio stepped in and served the communications need in many different ways.
So we are very well trained and ready to assist our community in emergencies and are fully capable to serve in that role We have joined with West Metro/Wright County and our total coverage area is nine counties wide with the inclusion of Portions of Anoka, Isanti and Mille Lacs Counties. With our growing communities we thought it important that citizens should be aware of our team and have some understanding of severe weather and what actions to take in a severe weather emergency.
_________________________________________________________________________
Team Members are; Andrew Bosshart, KC0UUI.CAP-SAR and Radar Technician
Jordan Bugge Sr, KC0UPL Coordinator, Emergency Ops Controller (6051).
Jordan Bugge II, ICS-100 Certfied, S-130/190 Certified. (6046).
Aaron Diers, KC0WKP, 7004, Isanti, County
Kim Diers, KC0WWT, 7005, Isanti, County
Boaz Erickson, N7GXA, 5100.
Henry,KC0FQS.
Chris Johnson, KC0BIN
John Krisek, K0CJD 146.970, repeater owner.
Chris London, KC0OGI
Bob Mershon, WB0BFK
Larry Narikawa, N0OQA
Greg Ogden, KC0MVT, Net Controller/ARES
Gary Rieken, KB0SSN
Dan Shartle, N0JHU, County EC-ARES
John Smolenski, N0YR, IC Certified-ARES
Mike Steckleberg, K0MJS-ARES Trainer
Kevin Stone, N0YFU
Jody Veek, KC0FWE
KC0WEO, 3913, Robert Youcha, Anoka County ARES/St. Francis Net Controller.
Wright County, Nick Elms, WX0SVR, Coordinator, West Metro.147.000
Jim Westrup, WA0CSW, Net Controller
Lee Lorentz, WB0TRA, Net Controller
_________________________________________________________________________
WATCHES/WARNINGS:
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch means conditions to producing a severe thunderstorm are favorable for a specific area or areas.
A Severe Thunderstorm Warning means that a severe thunderstorm is expected to or is effecting a certain watch area or is expected to within a short amount of time.
A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for the production of tornadoes and supecell thunderstorms which most often produce tornadoes are expected to effect our area.
A Tornado Warning means a tornado had been noted on radar and usually visually confirmend in our area. Sirens should have been sounded by now.
When you recieve either of these messages either via weather radio or your local news station, you should be ready to act accordingly and be ready to seek shelter very quickly.
Families should have a meeting place to gather in the event of severe weather and have supplies on hand for survival in the event the power goes out and may be expected to be out for days. Have food (Non-Perishable), Batteries or generators on hand and any needed personal items. Have a safe place for valubles and paperwork, titles, deeds etc.
Severe Thunderstorms are the basis for any storm preparation. They have the capabilities of high damaging winds, hail, lightning and tornadoes. That is why it is so vitally important to be aware of changing weather conditions during spring, summer and even fall days when the humidity, dewpoint and temperature are high.
Stroms develop because of cooler dry air flowing in from the Rockies and warm moist air flowing up from the Gulf of Mexico.
This usually happens in a place reffered to as to
Tornado Alley. Roughly an area of states surrounding the Mississippi river on both sides from soth to north. Other states recieve tornadoes also but the likelyhood of tornadoes occurring along tornado alley is much greater because what is called a "Dry" line forms near the area where the cold dry and the warm moist air meet. The dryline usually forms and moves east during and with the heat of the day and retreats back to the west towards night fall due to cooling of the earth. Thunderstorms often form along this line but not all thunderstorms.
* If you are mobile and notice any weather that appears threatening, feel free to call it in. The NWS or others may not be aware of cells that "Pop Up" suddenly or notice things radar cannot see.
You are the best judge of things you see, radar cannot detect subtle changes or may not have time to evaluate what it sees as threatening.
I can see a hook echo but not a wall cloud or what's underneath it. Often vortex indicators do not stay in place or if the radar is on fast advance I may miss it. So spotters are the eyes behind the radar and are critical to our success as an early warning service.
Next we will look at specific factors that create thunderstorms and the creation of tornadoes.
*Team/Website Sponsored in part by M&B Auto Salvage, (763)-245-0941, Elk River. WunderGround Weather Featuring NEXRAD.
Beggining Storm Spotting from Keith Brewster.
GETTING STARTED IN TORNADO AND THUNDERSTORM SPOTTING
Keith Brewster, N0IAW
May, 1996 Updated, April, 2004
All rights reserved.
The Role of the Spotter
While movies and documentaries often focus on "storm chasers" who
roam the plains in search of tornadic storms for research data
collecting, video taping or, yes, thrill seeking, a more direct
service to the public is provided by the "storm spotter". The
storm spotter serves a community by participating in an organized
effort to watch for storms approaching the community and warn of the
formation of tornadoes or other threatening severe weather. Even
with the use of Doppler radar there is a need for spotters in
the field. The radar can only detect the parent circulation that
spawns tornadoes, information is needed about whether tornadoes are
actually being produced and their precise location. Also, certain
types of tornadoes can form before a Doppler radar signature is detected.
Organization of Spotters
The organization of spotters varies across the country, but is
typically done at the county level. The county Emergency
Management Agency (EMA, often formerly known as Civil Defense),
is typically the focal point for organizing the spotting activities.
Spotting may be done by paid public emergency personnel, such as sherrif's
deputies, police and/or firefighters. Often coverage is provided
by volunteer amateur radio operators (commonly known as "hams"), who are
organized in spotter networks. Such spotter networks are often known as
SKYWARN networks. These networks use amateur radio repeaters that
can provide communication over a radius of 30 miles or more from the
repeater site. A typical spotter network has a Net Control Station
(NCS) who controls the exchange of information by polling the operators,
providing weather information to all stations and dispatching operators
to key lookout sites on the periphery of a town. Depending on the
area to be covered and the range of the repeater, some amateurs may
roam, driving out to developing storms and following them toward
the area being protected. Amateurs also commonly equip their
vehicles (or a special group vehicle) with emergency communication
gear and emergency power sources that can be deployed in a disaster
area and will assist emergency crews in communicating the needs of
the disaster teams and the welfare of the affected population.
Contact Point
Your first contact might be with your county's emergency manager.
The emergency manager can describe how storm spotting and disaster
assistance is organized in your area. If services are provided by
amateur radio operators he/she can direct you to the ham in charge
of organizing the volunteer spotters or to the local ham radio club.
You could also seek out a ham radio operator or call the
National Weather Service (NWS)
office nearest to your town. Ask for the Warning and Coordination
Meteorologist (WCM). The amateurs often
communicate with the NWS as well as local officials to directly assist
in the severe storm warning process. A ham on the network may be
stationed at the NWS office to provide radar and other weather
information to hams in the field.
Becoming a Licensed Amateur Radio Operator
Amateur radio operators are licensed by the FCC. There are various
classes of amateur radio licenses, which allow increasing operating
privileges (more bands and operating modes) as the amateur
demonstrates his/her knowledge and skill in increasingly difficult
tests of radio theory, rules and regulations and Morse code skill.
SKYWARN spotting activities most often occur on repeaters in
a frequency band that requires the easiest level of licensing,
and does not require any proficiency in Morse code. Licensing is
done through an organization of ham "volunteer examiners" and
your local ham club can inform you of the schedule of tests and
introductory classes in your area. Once you pass the test there
is some delay in getting the license issued from the FCC; this
can take 4-6 weeks. Instructional materials such as the introductory
guide "Now You're Talking", and a contact for local ham clubs
can be obtained from
The American Radio Relay League
(1-800-32-NEW HAM) or at local radio supply stores. Generally you'll
find hams quite helpful in getting you started and underway in
amateur radio.
Spotter Training
The National Weather Service, local Emergency Managememt officials
and the local ham radio group organize training sessions for storm
spotters. An NWS meteorologist will visit and use nationally-
prepared slide and film materials to help the spotters learn what
to look for and how to remain safe in their operation. Local officials
will use this session to explain specific operating procedures,
call-out methods, etc. Such sessions are often held a month or
two before the most active severe weather season for your area
(typically January-May).
Web Resources
Here are some places on the World Wide Web that may be useful in
learning about amateur radio, public service and SKYWARN.
- NWS Spotter Training Materials
- US Spotting Frequency List
- Getting Started in Amateur Radio
- American National Red Cross
Tornado Safety Facts
BEFORE: Conduct tornado drills each tornado season. Designate an area in the home as a shelter, and practice having everyone in the family go there in response to a tornado threat. Discuss with family members the difference between a "tornado watch" and a "tornado warning." Contact your local emergency management office or American Red Cross chapter for more information on tornadoes.
Mitigation Mitigation includes any activities that prevent an emergency, reduce the chance of an emergency happening, or lessen the damaging effects of unavoidable emergencies. Investing in preventive mitigation steps now, such as checking local building codes and ordinances about wind-resistant designs and strengthening unreinforced masonry, will help reduce the impact of tornadoes in the future. For more information on mitigation, contact your local emergency management office.
Have disaster supplies on hand: Flashlight and extra batteries Portable, battery-operated radio and extra batteries First aid kit and manual Emergency food and water Nonelectric can opener Essential medicines Cash and credit cards Sturdy shoes Develop an emergency communication plan: In case family members are separated from one another during a tornado (a real possibility during the day when adults are at work and children are at school), have a plan for getting back together.
Ask an out-of-state relative or friend to serve as the "family contact." After a disaster, it's often easier to call long distance. Make sure everyone in the family knows the name, address, and phone number of the contact person. Tornado Watches and Warnings A tornado watch is issued by the National Weather Service when weather conditions are such that tornadoes are likely to develop. This is time to remind family members where the safest places within your home are located, and listen to the radio or television for further developments. A tornado warning is is issued when a tornado has been sighted or indicated by radar. The danger is very serious and everyone should go to a safe place, turn on a battery-operated radio and wait for further instructions. Mobile Homes Mobile homes are particularly vulnerable. A mobile home can overturn very easily even if precautions have been taken to tie down the unit.
When a tornado warning is issued, take shelter in a building with a strong foundation.If shelter is not available, lie in ditch or low-lying area a safe distance away from the unit. Tornado Danger Signs Learn these tornado danger signs: Large hail: Tornadoes are spawned from powerful thunderstorms and the most powerful thunderstorms produce large hail. Tornadoes frequently emerge from near the hail-producing portion of the storm. Calm before the storm: Before a tornado hits, the wind may die down and the air may become very still. Cloud of debris: An approaching cloud of debris can mark the location of a tornado even if a funnel is not visible. Funnel cloud: A visible rotating extension of the cloud base is a sign that a tornado may develop. A tornado is evident when one or more of the clouds turns greenish (a phenomenon caused by hail) and a dark funnel descends. Roaring noise: The high winds of a tornado can cause a roar that is often compared with the sound of a freight train.
Calm behind the storm: Tornadoes generally occur near the trailing edge of a thunderstorm. It is not uncommon to see clear, sunlit skies behind a tornado. DURING If at home: Go at once to the basement, storm cellar, or the lowest level of the building. If there is no basement, go to an inner hallway or a smaller inner room without windows, such as a bathroom or closet. Get away from the windows. Go to the center of the room. Stay away from corners because they tend to attract debris. Get under a piece of sturdy furniture such as a workbench or heavy table or desk and hold on to it. Use arms to protect head and neck. If in a mobile home, get out and find shelter elsewhere. If at work or school: Go to the basement or to an inside hallway at the lowest level. Avoid places with wide-span roofs such as auditoriums, cafeterias, large hallways, or shopping malls. Get under a piece of sturdy furniture such as a workbench or heavy table or desk and hold on to it. Use arms to protect head and neck. If outdoors: If possible, get inside a building. If shelter is not available or there is no time to get indoors, lie in a ditch or low-lying area or crouch near a strong building. Be aware of the potential for flooding. Use arms to protect head and neck. If in a car:
Never try to outdrive a tornado in a car or truck. Tornadoes can change direction quickly and can lift up a car or truck and toss it through the air. Get out of the car immediately and take shelter in a nearby building. If there is no time to get indoors, get out of the car and lie in a ditch or low-lying area away from the vehicle. Be aware of the potential for flooding. AFTER: Help injured or trapped persons: Give first aid when appropriate. Don't try to move the seriously injured unless they are in immediate danger of further injury. Call for help. Turn on radio or television to get the latest emergency information. Stay out of damaged buildings. Return home only when authorities say it is safe. Use the telephone only for emergency calls. Clean up spilled medicines, bleaches, or gasoline or other flammable liquids immediately.
Leave the buildings if you smell gas or chemical fumes. Take pictures of the damage both to the house and its contents for insurance purposes. Remember to help your neighbors who may require special assistance; infants, the elderly, and people with disabilities.
INSPECTING UTILITIES IN A DAMAGED HOME Check for gas leaks: If you smell gas or hear a blowing or hissing noise, open a window and quickly leave the building. Turn off the gas at the outside main valve if you can and call the gas company from a neighbor's home. If you turn off the gas for any reason, it must be turned back on by a professional. Look for electrical system damage: If you see sparks or broken or frayed wires, or if you smell hot insulation, turn off the electricity at the main fuse box or circuit breaker. If you have to step in water to get to the fuse box or circuit breaker, call an electrician first for advice. Check for sewage and water lines damage: If you suspect sewage lines are damaged, avoid using toilets and call a plumber. If water pipes are damaged, contact the water company and avoid using water from the tap. You can obtain safe water by melting ice cubes.
Courtesy, Dave Johnson/Metro Skywarn Education Resources.
Metro Skywarn Manual
METRO SKYWARN
TRAINING MANUAL
BY DAVE JOHNSON N0KBD
I. Introduction This is how this basic class is layed out, so you know what to expect before you get there. JB
A. Introduce the trainers.
There will be a 30 question quiz at the end of training. We'll score the tests here and give you your new Skywarn ID card today.
B. Volunteers are needed.
1. Metro Skywarn in the past has been operated by a few Amateur
Radio operators who dedicated a year long effort to assuring the 2.5
million people in the metro area have accurate and timely information
about life threatening weather conditions. This has been one of the
most valuable and effective Amateur Radio services to our
community.
2. More help and representation from the Amateur community is needed.
Talk to your club leadership and urge them to send a representative.
Or better yet, volunteer to be that person.
3. Also needed are Amateurs with flexible afternoon hours to staff
the Weather Service and Bloomington EOC during severe weather this
season. More people willing to provide next years training are needed
too. Anyone can apply but if you have talents in emergency
communications, meteorology, or providing training programs please
call. During the day call Lynn Delong (N0CVI) at 566-1299 or Dave
Johnson (N0KBD) at 434-0600 evenings. (763)-245-7458 Jordan Bugge' (KC0UPL) and we will take your name and
phone number.
C. Repeaters
1. There will be two nets run simultaneously. You can use either
repeater, but only give your traffic once. Change repeaters only if
you get out of range of the other. There is no need to inform net
control.
2. Primary repeaters: 147.21 146.67 -Minneapolis area
3. Back-up repeaters: 146.76 146.85- Minneapolis area
4. 147.000, Maple Lake Repeater.
5. 146.970, Elk River Repeater.
6.147.345, Becker Repeater.
D. New procedures.
1. There may be CHECK-INs during the net.
2. Access Net Control with your Skywarn ID#, not your amateur call.
Calls will be ignored by net control. So keep your ID card on
you!
3. Give only reports of severe weather or specifically requested
information will be accepted. You'll be reminded of this during the
net if necessary. You'll all remember the larger number of "dark
clouds", "heavy rain", and "clearing skies" reports during past nets.
This made an already net control even more so.
5. Reports accepted:
a. Any size hail.
b. Significant wind damage.
c. Persistent rotating wall clouds lasting 1 to 3 minutes duration,
or non-rotating wall clouds lasting 5 to 10 minutes.
d. Funnel clouds.
e. Tornadoes
f. Significant flooding causing water running (NOT PONDING) over
roads, fields, lots, etc.
g. Any other information specifically requested by net control.
E. Three Emergency Operations Centers (EOCs)
1. This year you will hear three RACES calls during Skywarn nets.
Three EOCs have been set up and staffed. The Bloomington RACES EOC
(WC0AAA), Dakota County ARES/RACES (NK0D), ARES/RACES EOC (N0NFO)
will continue to share responsibilities. (Elk River EOC is
staffed/operated at the direction of the on duty Net controller or
director, Me).
2. All three EOCs are equipped with two VHF amateur rigs to run two
simultaneous nets, a commercial radio to keep in touch with the
weather service, scanners to monitor law enforcement and other public
service band activities, and radar monitoring equipment. In the
future packet radio, Amateur television, and other EOCs maybe added
to better serve the metro area.
II. Severe Weather Instruction
A. Introduction.
B. Prestorm weather conditions.
C. Storm types.
D. Beneath the storm.
E. Outflow and inflow.
F. Examples of notable tornadoes and damage.
G. Spotter safety.
III. Spotter Operating Procedure
A. Spotter Awareness
Knowing when severe weather could occur is a spotter responsibility. Monitor local weather reports on broadcast frequencies such as channel 17 or WCCO cable weather channel or NOAA Weather Radio KEC65 on 162.55.
B. Severe Weather Days
On days where severe weather is possible, monitor 147.21 or 146.67
or 147.000, 146.97, 147, 345 and listen for QSTs or net activation.
Both repeaters will be used in
a net operation so either repeater can be used. DON'T GIVE THE SAME
REPORT ON BOTH REPEATERS. Should either of the primary repeaters go
down, the net will shift to the designated back-up repeater. The
back-up for 147.21 will be 146.76. The back-up repeater for 146.67
will be 146.85. Back up's for the 97/000 are simplex and limited
range. The 147.345 is the net directly to the NWS at Chanhassen and is
not a net control, just a relay. You may hear stations from all over
central Minnesota on this frequency.
C. Net Activation
The Metro Skywarn Net will be ACTIVATED ONLY AT THE REQUEST OF THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
D. Safety
Spotter safety is to be of PRIMARY CONCERN.
E. Notify Net Control
Spotters will alert net control of ANY CONDITIONS THAT AFFECT THEIR SAFETY IMMEDIATELY. Break into the net with "Emergency!"
F. Net Procedure
Please refer to your outline of the Metro Skywarn Net Procedure to
be followed by net control and spotters. Spotters who do not use the
following procedure may not be acknowledged by net control.
1. Net control will begin with a QST explaining the reason for net
activation.
2. Spotters will contact net control ONLY WITH SEVERE WEATHER
OBSERVATIONS OR INFORMATION SPECIFICALLY REQUESTED BY NET CONTROL.
Report:
a. Any size hail.
b. Damage such as damaged signs, roofs, or large branches or trees
down.
c. Persistent ROTATING wall clouds lasting 1 to 3 minutes, or
NON-ROTATING wall clouds lasting 5 to 10 minutes.
d. Funnel clouds.
e. Tornadoes.
f. Significant flooding causing water running (NOT PONDING) over
roads, fields, yards, etc.
4. Net control may solicit reports from specific areas or regarding
specific severe or non-severe conditions as warranted.
5. If you have a SEVERE weather condition at your location, you
should contact net control by giving your SKYWARN ID NUMBER, NOT YOUR
AMATEUR CALL SIGN. So always carry with you your Skywarn ID card.
6. Net control will acknowledge you by repeating your SKYWARN ID
NUMBER.
7. The spotter shall then reply with your location, to include, MAJOR
CROSS STREETS and CITY/SUBURB, followed by the severe weather
condition that you wish to report and your amateur call sign. If you
give a report other than a severe or specifically requested weather
condition, the net will be reminded to give only severe weather
reports or other specific information.
8. Net control shall acknowledge your report with the TWENTY FOUR
HOUR CLOCK TIME. This will tell you that your report has been
recorded. (4pm local time = 1600.)
H. Updates
Net control will update spotters periodically during the net on changing weather conditions about every 10 minutes. If the frequency is quiet for long periods of time, it just means the Net Control operators are busy.
I. Ending Nets
The net will only be terminated with the permission of the NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.
J. Net Role Play
[Improvise a sample severe weather report using the reporting
procedure outlined above.]
IV. Unexpected weather events.
A. Surprise Severe Weather
Without warning you find yourself in what appears to be severe weather. Check on the 147.21 or 146.67 to see if a net is in progress. If you hear nothing, give your Skywarn ID# and wait for a response. If a net control is monitoring, he will acknowledge. Give it a few minutes. If acknowledged, give your location, your severe weather report and sign with your call.
B. Alternatives
If a net control cannot be located, report all severe weather
observed by phoning 911 or if by autopatch to local law enforcement.
Identify yourself as a National Weather Service trained Skywarn
spotter and give your Skywarn ID#. Give your location and the severe
weather report.
V. Review.
A. Severe weather.
1. Prestorm awareness.
2. Rain-free base.
3. Wall cloud.
4. Inflow/outflow.
B. 1996 Skywarn net procedures.
1. Primary repeaters 147.21 146.67. 146.970, 147.000, 147.345.
2. Back-up repeaters 146.76 146.85.
3. Access to Net Control only with Skywarn ID#.
4. Report ONLY severe weather or specifically requested
information.
a. Any sized hail.
b. Damage such as damaged signs, roofs, or large branches or trees
down.
c. Persistent ROTATING wall clouds lasting 1 to 3 minutes, or
NON-ROTATING wall clouds lasting 5 to 10 minutes.
d. Funnel clouds.
e. Tornadoes.
f. Significant flooding causing water running (NOT PONDING) over
roads, fields, yards, etc.
7. End your report with your amateur call and await acknowledgment in
the form twenty-four hour time.
C. Other information.
1. Practice nets to be announced on the swap nets.
2. Test to follow.
3. Stick around after completing your test, we'll score it and give
you your new Skywarn ID card.
4. Test answers will be available after your test is corrected.
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Created
and designed by Dave Johnson, NØKBD. Copyright © 2004.
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Skywarn Inc. makes no warranty of any kind with respect to the
information on this web site, or any of the web sites linked to this
web site. The viewer should not rely upon this information in taking
action in a specific situation, and should consult local emergency
management officials and meterologist regarding the applicability of
any of the information contained herein to his or her own
circumstances. Opinions expressed on this web site or on other linked
web sites are not necessarily endorsed by Metro Skywarn Inc. Last
updated: April 17, 2004 Thanks to TwinsLan
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