Vet Net: Veterinary Network

1. Introduction: Respiratory system

2. Nasal Cavity

3. Paranasal Sinus

4. Pharynx

5. Trachea

6. Lungs

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1. Introduction: Respiratory system

-Respiratory portions

-External respiratory

-Internal respiratory

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Nasal cavity consists of:

- Nasal septum--separates the nasal cavity into left and right. Most animals have separate left and right nasal cavity. There are Osseus Septum (the most upper, made of real bones), Membranous Septum (in the middle), and Cartilaginous Septum (lower most, made of cartilage)

- Nasal concha--the Nasal septum is not smooth, so the sticky out bits are called Nasal concha.

- Nasal meatus 鼻道--separate into Dorsal Meatus, Middle Meatus, and Ventral Meatus

(When using the Nasogastric Tubing to see the stomach, go by the Ventral Meatus, or else, the dog will nose bleed!)

- Paranasal sinus 副鼻竇

- Olfactory epithelium--the cells are arranged so that it looks like two layers of cells, but actually, it only has one layer of cells!)

Vomeronasal organ-has 2 exits: Incisive papilla, incisive duct

-Nasal epithelium (Respiratory epithelium)

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Paranasal sinuses consists of:

-Frontal sinus額竇

-Sphenoidal sinus碟竇

-Maxillary sinus (recess)上顎竇

The maxillary sinus in dogs are so big, bacteria can't really stay in there, so that don't get infections often.

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Trachea

Trachea cartilage氣管環 --they are C shaped structure. Number of trachea cartilage differs in animals.

-Dog: 42~46; cat: 38~40

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-Diaphragmatic surface

Blood Supply to lungs:

Pulmonary artery, vein

Bronchial artery

1.Parietal pleura壁層胸膜:-- lines the walls of the thoracic cavity (Outer)

->Costal pleura肋胸膜

->Mediastinal pleura縱膈胸膜

->Diaphragmatic pleura橫膈胸膜

-> Recess隱窩 -- Costomediastinal recess肋縱膈隱窩 and Costodiaphragmatic recess 肋橫膈隱窩

2.Viseral pleura臟層胸膜(pulmonary pleura): cover the lungs (inner)

3.Pleural cavity胸膜腔 -the tiny space between pulmonary pleura and Parietal pleura.

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