Vet Net: Veterinary Network

1. Pericardium: (a layer that wraps the heart up)

->Fibrous pericardium纖維性心包膜

->>Sternopericardiac lig.

->>Phrenopericardiac lig.

->Serous pericardium漿膜性心包膜

->>Parietal pericardium

->>Visceral pericardium (epicardium)

->>Pericardial cavity心包膜腔

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2. Heart:

-occupies 3rd ~ 6th or 4th ~7th rib IN HUMANS

Cat: 4th~7th rib

Pig: 3rd~6th rib

Cow: 3rd ~5th(6th) rib

Sheep or goat: 2nd~5th rib

Horse: 2nd(3rd)~6th rib

Parts of the heart:

Left ventricle (-->System circulation-->Right atrium )

Right ventricle (-->Pulmonary circulation -->Left atrium )

Atrioventricular valve房室瓣 (Mitral (or bicuspid) valve ,Tricuspid valve )

-Pulmonary fibrous ring肺動脈纖維環

-Aorta fibrous ring主動脈纖維環

-Left A-V ring左房室纖維環

-Right A-V ring右房室纖維環

-2 fibrous trigone纖維三角

-Left fibrous trigone左纖維三角

-Right fibrous trigone右纖維三角

Subsinuosal Artery:

In ruminants &cats &dogs, this single artery wraps round the whole heart. If it is blocked, the whole heart malfunctions.

In humans, horses, pigs, this is separated into 2 arteries each taking a side of the heart.

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3. Types of Blood Vessels

Divided into: 1. Arteries 2. Veins 3. Capillaries

Layers in arteries (a.) and veins (v.) :

1. Tunica interna血管內膜

-2. Tunica media血管中膜

-3. Tunica externa血管外膜

Joins in blood vessels:

Communicating a.交通動脈

Anastomosis 吻合 (can be a.-a. or a.-v.)

Vascular plexus血管叢

-Capillary plexus微血管叢

-Venous plexus靜脈叢

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4. System circulation:

-Ascending aorta升主動脈

->>Left and right coronary a.

-Aortic arch動脈弓

->>Brachiocephalic trunk頭臂動脈幹

->>>>Right common carotid a.

->>>>Right subclavian a.

->>Left common carotid a.左頸總動脈

->>Left subclavian a.左鎖骨下動脈

-Descending aorta降主動脈

Descending aorta降主動脈

-Post. intercostal a.