Teak farms in Ecuador
Properly done teak plantations are socially and environmentally beneficial in addition to being very profitable
MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES:
We offer management support for landowners and investors in our country that buy from us and we provide assistance to landowners and businesses to get the better profit from their properties.
Teak is an obligate light-demanding species throughout its life cycle. Inferior trees are readily suppressed if stand density is too high. Accordingly, plantations must be thinned regularly and heavily, particularly in the first half of the rotation. Initial planting density is generally between 1.200 and 1.600 plants per hectare.
The spacing of trees and the number, timing and intensity of thinnings strongly affect the pattern of growth and the yield of the plantation. If thinning is practised late, growth rates decline or cease, whereas if the stand is thinned too early or too heavily, the trees have a greater tendency to produce side branches and epicormic shoots. This also reduces the potential yield of the plantation since growth is diverted from the main stem, which should be free from defects such as those caused by side branches and epicormic shoots.
The timing of the first thinning is often determined by the height of the trees and is commonly carried out when the trees reach 9.0 to 9.5 m. The second thinning may be carried out when the trees reach 17 to 18 metres.
The site generally has a carrying capacity independent of initial stocking rates and thinning regimes. The carrying capacity is measured in terms of the basal area (the average cross-sectional area of all trees per unit of land). It is possible to identify the thinning regime necessary to achieve a certain basal area on an area of land by retaining a minimum number of trees. The mean basal area is often allowed to reach 20 to 22 m2 per hectare after the second thinning. A third thinning is then carried out to reduce the mean basal area to 13 to 15 m2 per hectare. Thinning and pruning operations have a strong effect on the yield and quality of timber. To produce long boles free from knots, the usual strategy is to keep stands closed using high-density plantings, which remain untwined for the first three or four years of the plantation. The objective is to minimize the size of the crowns and the side branches in order to improve the quality and appearance of the timber and, thereby, its value.
Overall, it is desirable to thin the stand to the number that is optimal for reduction of undue competition and for the best growth of the remaining trees. A final stocking of about 500 trees per hectare would be the ideal.
Teak sprouts again too many times, under you will take up to 15 crops, each 6 to 10 years you will have hundreds of thousand dollars.
ECOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS:
Soil requirements:
Teak can grow on a variety of soils. The quality of its growth, however, depends on the depth, structure, porosity, drainage and moisture-holding capacity of the soil. It develops best on deep, well-drained and fertile soils, especially on volcanic substrata such as igneous and metamorphic soils or on alluvial soils of various origins. The optimal soil pH is between 6.5 and 7.5. The calcium content of the soil is also an important factor; calcium deficiency in the soil results in stunted growth of teak.
Temperature and rainfall:
Teak grows best when the minimum monthly temperature is above 14oC and the maximum monthly temperature is below 40oC. Optimal rainfall for teak ranges between 1.250 and 3.750 mm per year; however, for the production of good-quality timber the species requires a dry season of at least four months with less than 60 mm precipitation.
A report from India shows that teak responds very well in terms of growth and girth increment in areas where the trees receive at least sufficient moisture for most of the year when compared with growth in monsoon areas.
There is a misconception that annual growth rings, which impart grain structure to the logs, occur only in teak trees growing in zones that have distinct rainy and dry seasons and not in those growing in regions where rainfall is received year round. It is probable that trees grown in zones with a long dry period will have very distinct, closely packed concentric rings owing to the inactivity of the cambium during the long dry spell. However, the growth ring continues to be formed in all climatic conditions, even where there is year-round high rainfall.
RESEARCH CONCERNING TEAK PLANTATIONS:
Teak has been the subject of comprehensive research programmes in
Teak trees are highly fire resistant due to high silicate content; it is also resistant to humidity, acids, fungus and insects. Teak is extremely resistant to inclement weather due to its oil content.
After the first year, teak plantations have no fire risk because by then the trees are fire resistant. Furthermore, the tree tops pack tightly and the shade from these trees creates a ground cover that prevents the growth of grass and any other plants that could be a source of fire.
It is currently undertaking research on the following areas to enhance teak plantation development:
· tree improvement, with the establishment of seed and clonal orchards to make available élite
planting materials for mass multiplication;
· tissue culture, to develop large-scale in vitro propagation techniques for the production of uniform true-to-type plants for the plantation industry;
· genetic evaluation and fingerprinting of teak clones using isoenzyme and molecular markers;
· species site matching, with on-going detailed studies;
· optimum thinning regimes, fertilizer requirements and sound silvicultural practices, through planting trials.
INFORMATION & FAQ's:
Full country name:
Capital:
Total population: 14.000.000
Climate: All weather, no seasons, we are the ‘
Size of
Language: Spanish
Religion: 95% Catholics
Government: Democratic republic
Currency: US Dollar
Economy: Trade (US$M)
Total imports: $ 3000
Total export: $ 4400
Oil: $ 1300
Banana: $ 950
Manufactures: $ 1200
Mayors trading partners:
Key mayor industries: Oil, banana, fish, shrimp, flowers.
Electricity: Either 120v or 240v
Weight & Measures: Metric system
- Is it legal for foreigner to own property in
Yes, foreigners have the same legal rights as Ecuadorians to own properties anywhere in - Do I need to have a special Visa to buy a property?
No. If you wish to buy a property in - If I buy a property as foreigner in
When you buy a house, apartment or land in - What type of visa do I received when I enter the country?
As previously mentioned, when visiting - How to buy property?
The first step is to find the desired property to buy. Then, hiring a good lawyer for advice is very important to check on the paper work (which is usually a little long winded), and procuring and securing the "property legal document" by Notary.
Legal advice is “a must” to make sure the purchase is clean. BOE Network Enterprises can facilitate a good attorney to grant the whole process. Contact us for any further information. - What about property taxes in
The tax system yearly applied to properties in - Which documents are required to apply for a resident Visa?
- A valid Passport (validity should be for at least one year).
- Medical and AIDS certificate
- 6 Photos (updated)
- A written request to immigration signed by applicant and applicant's lawyer.
