Immediate Goals of Detoxification
To provide a safe withdrawal from the drug(s) of dependence
and enable the patient to become drug free. Many risks are
associated with withdrawal, some influenced by the setting.
Withdrawal from opioids produces severe discomfort, but is
not generally life threatening. However, risks to the patient
and society are not limited to the severity of the patient's
physical disturbance, particularly when the detoxification
is conducted in an outpatient setting. Outpatients experiencing
withdrawal symptoms may self-medicate with street drugs. The
resulting interaction between prescribed medication and street
drugs may result in an overdose. Less severe side effects
include sedation or a drop in blood pressure.
To provide withdrawal that is humane and protects the patient's
dignity. A caring staff, a supportive environment, sensitivity
to cultural issues, confidentiality, and the selection of
appropriate detoxification medication (if needed) are all
important to providing humane withdrawal.
To prepare the patient for ongoing treatment of his or her
dependence. During detoxification, patients may form therapeutic
relationships with treatment staff or other patients, and
may become aware of alternatives to an abusing lifestyle.
Detoxification is an opportunity to offer patients information
and to motivate them for longer term treatment.
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