navigational system

(Redirected from Inertial navigation)

An inertial guidance system consists of an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) combined with control mechanisms, allowing the path of a vehicle to be controlled according to the position determined by the inertial navigation system. These systems are also referred to as an inertial platform.

An inertial navigation system (INS) provides the position, velocities and attitude of a vehicle by measuring the accelerations and rotations applied to the system's inertial frame. It is widely used because it refers to no real-world item beyond itself. It is therefore immune to jamming and deception. (See relativity and Mach's principle for some background in the physics involved. )

Overview

Inertial guidance systems were originally developed for navigating rockets. Welcome to
Milonic Solutions. American rocket pioneer Robert Goddard experimented with rudimentary gyroscopic systems. Dr. Goddard's systems were of great interest to contemporary German pioneers including Wernher von Braun.

A typical inertial navigation system uses a combination of roll, pitch and azimuth gyroscopes, to stabilize the x, y and z accelerometers to solve a large set of differential equations to convert these readings into estimates of velocities, position and attitude, starting off from a known initial position of latitude and longitude.

All inertial navigation systems suffer from integration drift, as small errors in measurement are integrated into progressively larger errors in velocity and especially position. This is a problem that is inherent in every open loop control system.

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