India combined the best of both Hindu and western cultures. Hindu nationalists gained support of poor workers and peasants. After a while, the nationalist supporters ignored their foreign rulers and demanded their independence. India combined the best of both Hindu and western cultures. Hindu nationalists gained support of poor workers and peasants. After a while, the nationalist supporters ignored their foreign rulers and demanded their independence.
Many groups for change were made by the Indians. One of the most successful groups was the Indian National Congress, established in 1885. The Indian National Congress (I.N.C.) wanted more gradual change for their country, but at the same time they asked for more government jobs for Indians.
After World War I, the I.N.C decided to step up. In 1920, Mohandas Ghandi succeeded the head of the I.N.C. He united many of his people into believing in democracy. Under immense pressure, British control was relinquished, and self government was established in India. Slowly but surely, local governments gained political power, but was soon cut off after overall power started to weaken.
As Hindu nationalism augmented, Islamic supporters started to feel threatened. Under the influence of Muhammad Ali Jinnah , the Muslim League was formed in 1906. Tensions between Hindus and Muslims continued, and by the 1930's, Jinnah believed that there should be two seperate nations for Hindus and Muslims.
Chapter 8 Review
Match each vocabulary word with the right definition.
a. purdah 1. another word for ruler
b. sultans 2.the condition of wanting nothing
c. stupas 3. a time period where a family rules a country as royalty
d. dynasty 4. where women are secluded among Hindus and Muslims
e. nirvana 5. shrine containing remains of the Buddha or other holy persons
Questions
1. What is the diffrence between Hinduism and Buddhism? What are the main beliefs of both religions? Who is the "founder" of Buddhism? Who is the "founder" of Hinduism?
2. Why are Muslims isolated in Hindu society? Why are Muslims in India? What caused the Muslims to move to India in the first place?
3. What is Dharma? How important is the role of dharma in Hinduism? List some examples of dharma.
4. What are the caste rules? Who enforces them? Why do the Indians follow the caste rules? What kind of castes are there?
5. What was the Sepoy Rebellion? What caused the Sepoy's to rebel? Where was the rebellion at? When was the rebellion?
6. How did the British control India at the time? What kind of problems did the British cause n India? What did the Sepoy Rebellion do to the relationship between the British and the Indians?
Critical Thinking
What religious beliefs caused the Sepoy Rebellion?
Who founded the Muslim Leagues?
Who took over the head of the I.N.C. in 1920?
What does the I.N.C. stand for?
Who "ruled" the Indians?
Why did the British withdraw their leadership in India?
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