PHYSICS-KING OF SCIENCE

Introduction in Physics

- Basic and Derived quantities

- Unit conversion

- Scientific investigation

- Graph plotting & Graph interpretation

- Vernier Caliper

- Micrometer Screw Gauge

- Sensitivity , Precision // consistency , accuracy

- Error

Force & Motion

- Displacement-time & velocity-time graph

- Linear Motion using ticker timer

- Inertia

- Momentum

- Impulsive force

- Force in equilibriumn, nett force , resultant force

- Pulley system

- Lift system

- Gravity Force // Types of force

- Kinetic Energy & Gravity potential Energy // work

- Elasticity // Hooke Laws

Force & Pressure

- Solid Pressure

- Liquid Pressure

- Gas & atmospheric pressure

- Pascal Principle

- Achimedes Principle

- Bernoulli Principle

Heat

- Heat energy & Temperature

- Thermal Equilibrium

- Specific Heat capacity // Water // aluminium

- Specific latent heat of fusion // Latent heat of vapourisation

- Temperature-time graph // calculation

- Gas Laws // Absolute zero // Kelvin

Light

- Reflection of mirror // Laws of reflection

- Concave mirror // convex mirror // ray diagrams

- Refraction of transparent materials

SPECIFICATIONS                                          REASONS

Smooth Surface                        -         To reduce water friction

Streamline Shape                     -         To reduce water friction.

Low density material                 -         Light // easy to carry  // Easy to float

strong material                         -          Not easy to break

Water proof                               -          To avoid  from absorbing water

Elastic                                        -          Bend easily / High elastic potential energy

Soft/ thick  Matress                   -         Increase time interval / reduce impulsive force

High  melting point                   -         does not melt easily

High Specific heat capacity.    -         not easily to hot // Heats up slowly // store more heat

                                                                //  Need more heat to raisetemperature,

Low Thermal conductivity.       -        Can act as a good heat insulator

High boiling point.                    -         Slow to turn into vapour

Low Specific Latent Heat        -          Need less heat to melt / vaporise  is longer

High  Specific Latent Heat      -           Need more time to melt / vaporise is shorter

Low Refractive index               -           Substance that refracts light less

Low critical angle                      -           Easier for total internal reflection occur

High Power ( Lense)                 -         Short focal length Refract light more

WAVES

Wall  Concrete                             -           Strong

1. GRAPTHE DEFINITION FOR PHYSICS TERMINOLOGY

Specific heat capacity, latent heat, refraction, pessure, micro wave, workdone,

resultant force, resolution of force, forces in equilibrium, focal length,len’s

power, magnetic field, half life, beta ray, gamma ray, interference, logic

gate, momentum, impulsive force, GM tube.

2. GRAP THE PHYSICS PRINCIPLE AND THEIR APPLICATION

Principle of conservation of momentum Pascal’s Principle

Principle of Conservation Of Energy Bernoulli’s Principle

Principle of force in equilibrium Archimede’s Princip

Principle of Thermal equilibrium Superposition Pinciple.

3. GRAP THE PHYSICS LAW & APPLICATION

Hooke’s Law Newton 1st law of Motion

Boyle’s Law Newton 2nd law of Motion

Charles’s Law Newton 3rd law of Motion

Pressure Law Law Of Reflection

Snell’s Law Law Of Refraction

Ohm’s Law Faraday ‘s Law

Lenz’s Law

4. GRAP THE PHYSICS RULE

Right Hand Grip Rule

Maxwell Cork Screw Rule

Fleming’s Left Hand Rule

Fleming’s Right Hand Rule

5. GRAP THE PHYSICS FORMULA

6. GRAP THE PHYSICS EXAMINATION FORMAT

SCORE P1 (50Marks)

SCORE P2 (37 Marks)

SCORE P3 (40 Marks)

Examination Mark Scheme

7. GRAP THE METHOD OF ANSWERING QUESTION

P1 - Do the easier question first

P2 - Observation skil, Point form, table form, Ranking method

P3 - Get the Variables, Tabulation Of data, Draw the graph

8. GRAP THE METHOD OF ANSWERING QUATITAVE APPLICATION QUESTION

Write all the information again. Use symbols.

Choose the formula.

Make subtitution

Final answer with correct unit

9. GRAP ALL THE PHYSICS EXPERIMENT

10. GRAP THE PHYSICS CONTENT USING

MIND MAP

CHECK LIST

11. GRAP THE PAST YEARS SPM EXAM PAPERS

Year 2003

Year 2004

Year 2005

Year 2006

Year 2007

Year 2008

Year 2009

12. GRAP THE DRAWING SKILL

Ray Diagram of Lenses

Ray Diagram of plane and curve mirror

Diagram of instruments

Diagram of experiments

13. GRAP THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF INSTRUMENT

Hydrometer Astronomical Telescope

Manometer Compound Microscope

Barometer Nucler Reactor

Bunsen Burner Fibre Optics

Carburretor Electric Bell

Electric Motor Electric Relay

Electric Generator Loud speaker

Hydraulic Brake Microphone

Submarine Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO)

Periscope Semiconductor Diode

Binocular Transistor

14. GRAP THE GRAPH SKILL

DRAWING

SKETCHING

INTEPRETATION

DETERMINING THE GRADIENT

15. GRAP THE UNIT CONVERSION SKILL

Normal conversion

Conversion involving derived quantities

Conversion involving Area

Conversion involving Volume

16. GRAP CALCULATION SKILL

Use the calculator

Use basic algebra

Use the basic trigonometry

Use the basic proportional method

17. GRAP THE QUESTION’S SKILL ANALYSIS

Sketch / Draw Diagram

Underline the important words

Write all the information again using symbols

Think for the topics, sub topics, principle, law, theory, rule and total marks

a) Inference

    Manipulated Variables Influenced Responding Variables

                                            Or

    Responding Variables is depends on Manipulated Variables

                                            Or

    Responding Variables is influenced by Manipulated Variables

b) Hypothesis

     When the manipulated variables increases / decreases , the responding variables increases

      /  decreases

c) i) Aim

        To study relationship between manipulated variables and responding variables

    ii) Variables

        Manipulated Variable :

        Responding Variable :

        Fix  Variable             :

      * State the variables that can be measured

      * Encourage students to write operational definition for responding variable

   (iii) List of apparatus and material

   (iv) Arrangement of Apparatus

         Draw a fully labeled diagram

   (v) Method

       1. Start the experiment with manipulated variable ( a practical value)

       2. Responding Variables is mesured and record

       3. Repeat the experiment 4 times with different values of manipulated variable , …., ….

           ,…..   and …….

    (vi) Tabulation of data

        Manipulated variables / unit

        -state all the values

      Responding variables / unit

        -blank

   (vii) Analysis of data

         State : A Graph of responding variable against manipulated variable is plotted and sketch

1 . Length/Distance/Depth/Height/Extension  -  Meter rule

2.  Mass  -  Lever balance/Triple beam balance

3   Time of oscillations/Period -  Stopwatch

4    Temperature - Thermometer

5    Current - Ammeter / Galvanometer

6    Force - Spring balance

7    Diameter of wire  - Micrometer screw gauge

8    Velocity / Acceleration -  Ticker timer and Ticker tape

9    Gas volume - Syringe

10  Gas pressure - Bourdon gauge

11  Potential difference- Voltmeter

12  Magnetic field strength  -  Number of nails attracted

13  Wavelength  -  Meter rule

14  Control current  - Rheostat

15  Water volume   -  Measuring cylinder/Beaker

1  Light

    a. Experiment must be carried out in darken room.

    b. Lens, screen and object must be in line

    c. Make sure the line of vision is perpendicular with scale of reading to avoid parallax error .

2  Spring

    a. make sure the spring is not loaded beyond the elastic limit. (spring return to original

        length  when load is taken off).

    b. Make sure the line of vision is perpendicular with scale of reading to avoid parallax error .

3. Electric

   a. All connections must be secure/tight avoid current leakage.

   b. Off the switch after readings are taken to prevent wires from heating up (resistance

       increase)

   c. Make sure the line of vision is perpendicular with scale of reading to avoid parallax error .

4. Heat

   a. Liquid must be stirred constantly so that temperature rises evenly.

   b. Alluminium block must be wrapped with insulating material to prevent heat lost.

   c. Thermometer bulb should be smeared with oil to give better thermal contact with the    

       block.

   d. Make sure the line of vision is perpendicular with scale of reading to avoid parallax error ..

5 . Measuring instruments such as ammeter,voltmeter, metre rule ...

   a. Make sure the line of vision is perpendicular with scale of reading to avoid parallax error .

   b. Take into account zero error of instrument.