I think the "saber-tooth" image over Kansas represents a dentist, a type of professional frequently picking out a "bur" to drill a tooth with. The T-rex respresents a surgeon, with his correspondingly higher spot in the food chain. My activity listing types of surgery and providing other surgery links to enhance my files this afternoon attracted the attention of the Surgical T-Rex, which views the dentist work as "Saber-tooth" endeavor.

Tropical Storm Hanna approaches Mexico down the East Coast like the Prong of the Almighty, about to become a hand of the Almighty on Cuba, as shown in (47b), above. Note that Mexico seems to attract Hanna with a shapely bottom elevated in its path over the "Yucatan". Meanwhile, Ike smiles like Eisenhower.
Music: Blue Suede Shoes by Elvis Presley.

Mark Twain. [Images] (in 1907 at 72)

A hurricane Ike graduate in the old West resembling Einstein or Mark Twain in profile takes lessons from Kansas. Meanwhile, Ike spins in over Florida, impacting Tampa Bay. A subsequent picture taken a few hours later showed the cloud arising from Wichita, Kansas to be an arm holding a magnifying glass, evidently showing me to the right as Sherlock Holmes examining the cloud body to the left and finding it to resemble Einstein or Mark Twain most of all. Meanwhile, the high-energy Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Geneva is about to turn on a beam of 7 TeV protons 27 kilometers in circumference tomorrow morning. We are caught up in the whirl of the high energy "world". The first attempt to circulate a beam through the entire LHC is scheduled for September 10, 2008, at 7:30 GMT and the first high-energy collisions are planned to take place after the official unveiling of the LHC on October 21, 2008. It's the best we can do since the Superconducting Super Collider, with its 20 TeV beams, was cancelled in 1993. The LHC machine is being used for a search for the Higgs boson, which I doubt exists. Instead, I suppose everything to calculable from the Rishon Model of Haim Harari [Images] and Michael Shupe [Images], with suitable assumptions about the forces between Rishon preons and the Rishon masses. The Rishon model allows us to understand that high-energy quarks associated with higher flavor generations of quarks are excited states of quark ground states that are systems of Rishon preon triplets, and to derive properties of their decays from excited states. The 4 Rishons T, V, /T, and /V are the new earth, air, fire and water of modern physics. The Rishons, their composite particles, the photon, and the graviton may include all quanta. In an isolated three quark system, all excited-state quarks but one eventually decay down to the u quark, leaving us with a uud proton. The total number of baryons (3 quarks) in the finally cooled-out universe is conserved between Big Bangs in an oscillating universe, although energy may create additional temporary baryon-antibaryon pairs and matter-antimatter decay products together with quanta of radiation. Quarks have baryon number +1/3, antiquarks baryon number -1/3, so that we say that the cyclic Big Bang conserves baryon number. My work on cosmology shows that the universe is an oscillating universe, although observational time-delay can make distant galaxies at

L = (3/5)ct (where t is the age of the universe)

seem to recede at the speed of light. Thus, we are now living inside "A Bigger Bang", as suggested by the 2006 Rolling Stones World Tour, which stopped here at Wichita State University. Incidentally, the proof goes like this: Let t be the age of the universe in seconds. The Newtonian solution and the Einstein-de-Sitter solution for the expanding universe of uniform density in the matter-dominated era both go like
r = a(t)^2/3, so that v = (2/3)a(t)^-1/3, so that
the Hubble constant H = v/r = (2/3)/t.
If we include observational time delay L/c,
to compute what we observe from a distance,
then v = HL = (2/3)L/(t - L/c). Setting v = c, we solve to find
L = (3/5)ct when distant galaxies at L seem to recede at light speed v=c.
Galaxies farther away than this exist, but are out of sight in "A Bigger Bang".
Until this was understood, it was not obvious that a universe apparently
expanding at v = c at its outer limits could collapse from a maximum height.

The oscillating universe model is the one most naturally consistent with the conservation of energy-momentum and mass-energy. With observational time-delay τ = L/c included, my cosmology equations for the universe dynamics yield an oscillating universe in a way that is consistent with observations. The period of oscillation is on the order of 235 billion years.

Jim Green [Pics] (in 2000 at 51)

Now that the Large Hadron Collider is about to turn on, we'll compute what we expect to observe! Will we encounter another quark flavor generation of [(u,d),(c, s),(t,b)], say (f,q)? If not, at what energies can we expect to observe quark flavor generation (f,q) = (freedom, queen)? What kinds of new events should we expect to observe when 7 TeV proton beams collide? Time to pull out the textbooks and the pocket calculator. The original Rishon theory leads me to expect that a 4th flavor generation (f,q) exists, but it may not be observable with 7 TeV colliding beams. New excited states of hadrons (particles containing quarks) should eventually be observed including f and q, including mesons (2 quarks) and baryons (3 quarks), although their decay times will be very short. We will try to predict what these particles will be, what their masses should be, and what the observed decay times should be, including the entire sequence of decays. Perhaps we will also observe new higher-energy states of the leptons, including the electron, the positron, the neutrino, and the antineutrino. In this case we would observe new higher excited states of the Rishon systems /T/T/T, TTT, VVV, and /V/V/V corresponding to the lepton generations

(e^-, μ^-, τ^-), (e⁺, μ⁺, τ⁺),
(ν_e, ν_μ, ν_τ), (/ν_e, /ν_μ, /ν_τ)

for the electron, positron, neutrino, and antineutrino. This corresponds to the 3 quark flavor generations

[(u,d),(c, s),(t,b)] = [(TTV,/V/V/T), (TTV,/V/V/T), (TTV,/V/V/T)] like
[(e^-, ν_e), (μ^-, ν_μ), (τ^-, ν_τ)] = [(/T/T/T, VVV), (/T/T/T, VVV), (/T/T/T, VVV)].

Subsequent generations of quarks and leptons are merely the same quarks and leptons in higher excited states of the associated Rishon system. Note that the different quark colors come from circulating the rishons like layers in a pill. For instance, u = TTV, VTT, or TVT obtains the three u-quark colors. We'll try to compute what the particle masses of the Rishon systems should be at higher energy. Now is the time! We'll compute how hot things have to get before (f,q) can be observed. "I think it will be much more exciting if we don't find the Higgs. That will show something is wrong, and we need to think again. I have a bet of $100 that we won't find the Higgs," said Stephen Hawking [Images]. However, Peter Higgs [Images] is still hoping to find the Higgs boson. As for me, I've recently been pursuing the TTAGGG award in telomere reconstruction for youthful patterns of gene expresssion in longevity.

The Big Bang and the Large Hadron Collider (PS: 9/17/08)
The Large Hadron Collider (see particles) will produce proton beams with energies of 7 TeV/proton. How does this compare with energies of Big Bang hadrons? It turns out that the 3-quark hadrons (baryons) are seemingly indestructibly bound, with higher-energy hyperon states and with interior quark states including higher-energy-than-strange quarks. These heavy baryons make larger tracks in cloud chambers than their lower-energy state baryons do. Since we require the conservation of energy-momentum, and since all other cosmic explosions feature collapse prior to explosion, we may assume that the universe collapsed from far out before it exploded. My cosmic cycle calculations show that the universe cycle time is on the order of 235 billion years, long enough to turn almost all stars into white dwarf debris, except a few that are neutron star supernova remnants, plus a few black holes. Thus, when the infalling dead galaxies collide in the Big Crunch, the dead matter slams together with a kinetic energy of approximately
(3/2)GM²/R, where R is the radius of the universe at white dwarf density. The mass of the universe can be gleaned from the Hubble expansion constant, and turns out to be about 2 x 10²² solar masses, so that there are about

N = M/m_p = 2 x 10²² x 1.99 x 10³⁰ kg/ 1.6726 x 10^-27 kg/proton
= 2.3795 x 10⁷⁹ nuceons in the universe.

The radius of the universe at typical white dwarf density turns out to be about
R = 2.99 x 10¹⁴ meters, so that we finally find

E/N = [(3/2)GM²/R]/N = 131.77 x 10⁶ TeV/nucleon.

This is nearly 19 million times the energy of a 7 Tev LHC proton! At the time when the white dwarf material slams together, it seems likely that this stupendous energy produces large, swollen hyperons that cannot be compressed, as enlarged hyperon tracks in cloud chambers suggest. Just what the energy partition is and how big the average hyperon is, factors that would allow us to compute the maximum compression and minimum radius of the Big Crunch fireball before its Big Bang expansion phase...these are presently unknown. The decay times of the high-energy hyperons will be fast following the ricochet from maximum compression, however. It seems at first uncertain that the universe ever reaches the density of nuclear matter in the collapse. Instead, a sea of expanding excited-state 3-quark baryons including particles and anti-particles bouncing from a minimum radius much larger than

[(4π/3)R³]ρ_nucleon = M_universe

would suggest is likely. The above equation leads to

R_min(ρ_nucleon) > 3.45689 x 10¹¹ meters,
or 3.45689 x 10¹¹/(9.4605284 × 10¹⁵) light-years = 0.3654 x 10^-4 LY,
less than the radius of the orbit of Jupiter at 7.78 x 10¹¹ meters,

a figure which must have the character of a lower bound for the radius of the compressed Big Bang, because of the incompressible nature of nuclear matter, with its repulsive hard core nucleonic potentials. Since the minimum collapse radius must at least be equal to that of the universe at white dwarf density,

3.45689 x 10¹¹ meters < R_{min_collapse} < 2.99 x 10¹⁴ meters = 0.0316 LY,

limits which I suppose we can improve on.

Of course, energies of 19 million times 7 TeV are never likely to be obtained in terrestrial machines. However, a complete theory of the elementary particles may make it possible to compute from relativistic wave mechanics and appropriate force laws just exactly what the excited states of baryons are like, which would make scenario calculations for these limits much better.

If we inject special relativity, then in the rest frame of the Big Crunch-Bang at the moment of impact, a white dwarf remnant must have a mass

M'_WD = M_WD/(1 - v²/c²)^1/2, with a density

ρ'_WD = ρ_WD/(1 - v²/c²).

In order for an infalling nucleon to have a mass-energy of 131.77 x 10⁶ TeV,
when its rest mass is 0.938272 GeV, we must have

γ = 1/(1 - (v/c)²)^1/2 = 140.43 x 10⁹, so that

1/(1 - (v/c)²) = 1.9723118 x 10²², and

v = c(1 - 0.2535096 x 10^-22).

Neutron star density is about 7.6 x 10¹⁵ kg/m³, and
White Dwarf density is about 1.27 x 10⁷(M/M_sun)² kg/m³,
so that in the rest frame of the explosion at R_WD,
ρ_WD/(1 - (v/c)²) = 2.5019 x 10²⁹(M/M_sun)² kg/m³,
many times the density of a neutron star in its rest frame. In fact,
[ρ_WD/(1 - (v/c)²)]/ρ_NS = 3.2894 x 10¹³(M/M_sun)²,
Many times the density of a neutron star at our hypothetical assembly point, R_WD. Thus the Big Bang will take place from inside R_RD with so much kinetic energy that its density is many times nuclear density, up to 3.289 x 10¹³ times nuclear density.

The white dwarf remnants would come down in a special relativistic universe to the R_WD radius looking like flattened pancakes in the rest frame of the explosion with

Diameter/Thickness = 1.40439 x 10¹¹.

The pancaked white dwarf remnants will collide and interact at the their edges when R = R_WD = 0.0316 LY, then material will tumble in until it begins to richochet. From the point of view of a man piloting a white dwarf on in at rest with respect to the white dwarf remnant, the effective velocity will be greater than the speed of light because meter sticks in the external coordinate system will have seemed to have shrunk according to the Lorentz contraction rule by
(1 - (v/c)²)^1/2, so that his effective velocity of travel according to him will be abut 140 billion times the speed of light. At that velocity, it would take 71 microseconds to cross 0.0316 light-years.

If we consider the principle of equivalence, and let the event horizon be determined by the 1911 convention, then the event horizon for the mass of the universe is reached when

(1 - GM/Rc²) = 0, so that

R_event = 3.126 x 10⁸ light-years.
The energy per nucleon at the event horizon is then

[(3/2)GM²/R_event]/N_nucleons = 1.4093 GeV,

just a little more than the 0.938272 GeV mass of the proton. Calculation then shows that v = 0.74c. Note that the Big Crunch and the Big Bang seem to blow through the associated black hole event horizon as if it didn't exist. The above calculations should probably be revised to include relativistic mass-energy from the kinetic energy of infall in the gravitating mass. For more of my work on the Big Bang, see bigbangabundan.html and the 11th edition of Gravitation and the Electroform Model, which contains the cosmic cycle time derivation and many other details.

Music: 2001 Trip from 2001: A Space Oddysey by Stanley Kubrick.
In the movie, this is supposed to take place as our space ship approaches the orbit of Jupiter.

Actually, at this time Hurricane Ike is thought to be gaining strength, turning into a class 3 hurricane, as it makes its way across the Gulf of Mexico to Texas. Its impact on Tampa will be marginal by comparison with its impact on Texas. It is being watched with serious worry by American forces. Note the "Oh, No!" look on the head with its mouth open in South Dakota and its jaw dropping into Nebraska. (Or is the roof of the mouth actually the jawline of a head with a long mane looking up to the equations above, from a figure resembling a centaur? Or the Big Bad Wolf looking back over his shoulder with a bowler hat on?) "It's going to blow us away!" says the image of a flattened head whose Ike-grad cap runs like a plane through Wichita, Kansas. Hurricane Katrina, which did so much damage to New Orleans, was a class 3 hurricane. Note how Ike seems to have little monkey teeth biting the Yucatan, while the rest of the hurricane seems to form a piece-of-tail headdress. Perhaps the smoking gun is to indicate that the situation is potentially deadly. On the other hand, it may symbolize my work on the Big Bang, which I talked over and linked to in the previous section. This would be a typical "I see you, do you see me?" signal from the continental mythic imaging system, which functions a bit like a Ouija board, humorously signaling back between observations and postings like a heavenly father, if the compositor happens to be tuned in to the continental mystic process. Ike may be about to provide "A Bigger Bang" than tropical storm Hanna or Hurricane Gustav.