*Scroll all the way down to view frametale conclusion.*
General:
Sacred Chants of Devi. Painted by Ananda. CD production by Craig Pruess. Website published by Heaven on Earth Music Limited. Websource: http://www.heaven-on-earth-music.co.uk/hoemwebsite/prodcat/devi.html This is the source for the first picture on the website (Intro Page) that says “Mother Divine.” I changed this picture by removing all the text from this cd cover except for the words “Mother Divine.”
Mother Goddess. Websource: http://www.mothergoddess.com/index.html This is the webpage that got me started on the whole project in the first place. Their link to Names of the Goddess: http://www.mothergoddess.com/gnameshome.html is where I found the names of the Goddesses from the 7 different culture areas that I use in this project.
*The following sources are books that I read in order to get a general idea of the concept of the Mother Goddess and women's spirituality in different countries.*
Baring, Anne, and Jules Cashford. The Myth of the Goddess: Evolution of an Image. New York: Penguin Group, 1991.
Stone, Merlin. Ancient Mirrors of Womanhood: A Treasury of Goddess and Heroine Lore from Around the World. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979.
Amaterasu:
Amaterasu. Course material for Windows to the Universe. Published by University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR). copyright 1995-1999, 2000 by The Regents of the University of Michigan; copyright 2000-2003 by UCAR. Websource: http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/mythology/amaterasu_sun.html I used this source for basic story information, to get a general idea of what the story was about and to see if there were variations from other sources.
Painting by Sandra M. Stanton, copyright 1996 oil on linen: Websource: http://www.goddessmyths.com/Amaterasu-Epona.html I also used this source for general story information to see if there were any variations from other sources.
Stone, Merlin. Ancient Mirrors of Womanhood: A Treasury of Goddess and Heroine Lore from Around the World. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979. I used this as a reference for the details of the story. I made only minor additions to the story, such as quotes from Susanowo and other details.
Kuan Yin:
Source note: The story of Kuan Yin is told many different ways and with a wide range of variations, so I used the following sources as a way to compile those variations to make my own interpretation of the story.
Kuan Yin Temple, Endorsed by Tourism Malaysia, copyright 2000 - 2003 Cuti.com.my & NetBuilder (M) Sdn Bhd. Websource: http://www.cuti-cuti.com.my/Sub/Penang/guide_kuanyin.htm This is the source for the picture of the Kuan Yin Temple in China. (filename: kuan yin temple)
Kuan Yin Unlimited: Spreading the Light Through Sacred Art and Images. Published by Kuan Yin Unlimited. Websource: http://www.kuanyin.net/closeups/buddhist/ky4.html This is the source for the first picture of Kuan Yin in white (filename: kuan yin 4), and also as a source for futher variations.
Namo Ta-Pei, Kwan-Shih-Yin P’u Sa! Websource: http://usuarios.iponet.es/devi/kuanyin.htm This is the source for the last picture of Kuan Yin on the website (filename: kuan yin 5).
Siamese Dream, Kuan Yin Statues. copyright by Siamese Dream, published by 415Studio. http://www.siamese-dream.com/statues/kuan.yin_mini_sit.html This is the source for the picture of the cast bronze sculpture of Kuan Yin sitting. (filename: kuan yin 3)
Stone, Merlin. Ancient Mirrors of Womanhood: A Treasury of Goddess and Heroine Lore from Around the World. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979. I used this as the base source for my complilation of different versions of the Kuan Yin story.
Women's Early Art. Text from John Blofeld's Bodhisattva of Compassion: The Mystical Tradition of Kuan Yin. Boston: Shambala Publications, 1977. Websource: http://www.womensearlyart.net/immortals/kuanyintara.html I used this page as a reference for variations on the story of Kuan Yin and incorporated some aspects into my story.
Kali:
Exotic India Art. Websource: http://www.exoticindiaart.com/kali.htm I used this site for the base of my story, since it had the most details I could find. This is also the source for some of the Kali pictures.
“Hindu Woman.” photo by Camilo Gutiérrez copyright 2003. Websource: http://www.camiguti.com/photo_month.html This is the source for the photo of the Indian Hindu woman.
Kali Statues. product of Siamese Dream of California. Websource: http://www.siamese-dream.com/statues/hindu_kali_large.html This is the source for the picture of the Kali statue.
Mother Destoys But to Save. From the talks of Swami Chidananda Saraswati. Excerpt from God As Mother, Divine Life Society, Shivanandanagar, 1991 (pp. 13-20). Websource: http://www.kalimandir.org/library/libraryhome.asp?page=articles&item=13_sw_chid.xml I used this site for some more insight on the different attributes of Kali and also some insight from the side of Kali followers.
Muktinath/Chumig Gyatsa in Images. Published by Muktinath Foundation International. Websource: http://www.muktinath.org/hinduism/kali.htm This is the source for the first Kali picture (filename: kali 3).
Untitled. Painted by Amar Chitra Katha. Published by Darshan: Gallery of Hindu art, and hindunet, copyright 1998-1999. also copyright by India Book House Publishers. Websource: http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_pictures/GodandGoddesses/shiva/shiva11.shtml This is the source for the picture of Shiva by himself.
Untitled. Painted by Amar Chitra Katha. Published by Darshan: Gallery of Hindu art, and hindunet, copyright 1998-1999. also copyright by India Book House Publishers. Websource: http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_pictures/GodandGoddesses/shiva/shiva2.shtml This is the source for the picture of Shiva and Durga.
Untitled. Painted by Amar Chitra Katha. Published by Darshan: Gallery of Hindu art, and hindunet, copyright 1998-1999. also copyright by India Book House Publishers. Websource: http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_pictures/GodandGoddesses/durga/durga2.shtml This is the source for the picture of Durga by herself.
Asherah:
*Note* Many of the listed sources say that I used them for basic facts or information about Asherah. This means that I gathered everything that is written in my story from a wide range of sources in order to make sure I was getting a more comprehensive picture of Asherah.
Asherah. Published by TeenWitch.com, Written and © 1999 by Milo. Websource: http://www.teenwitch.com/DEITY/CANAAN/ASHERAH.HTM This is the source for the Asherah statue which is © 1999 by JBL Statues. I also used this site to get general information about Asherah and also for the reference to Asherah bread..
Asherah Tree Root Goddess. Sculpture created, website published and Copyright by David Hostetler. Websource: http://www.davidhostetler.com/asp/displaypiece.asp?code=198broot&group=R This is the source for the two pictures of the Asherah tree sculpture.
Baring, Anne, and Jules Cashford. The Myth of the Goddess: Evolution of an Image. New York: Penguin Group, 1991. I used this source for general concepts and facts about Asherah. This is also the source for the reference to Raphael Patai's book The Hebrew Goddess.
Bible Picture Tour. Published by The Biblelands Project and Mustardseed Media. Some text pulled from items in the public domain whose copyright has expired. All other items are copyright Mustardseed Media 1984, 1996, 1997, 1998. Websource: http://www.mustardseed.net/html/pisraeld.html This is the source for the Sea of Galilee picture and the Israel Terracing.
Caananites. Published by Genesis of Eden Diversity Encylopedia. Copyright by Chris King. Websource: http://www.dhushara.com/book/god/canaan.htm#anchor1623141 I used this site for the Asherah relief as the Tree of Life. This picture can be found on many different websites, but I picked this one because of its size. I also used this site to get general information about Asherah.
Christian Computer Art. Published and copyright by Christian Computer Art. Websource: http://www.biblepicturegallery.com/free/Screen-sized%20pictures.htm This is the source for the Israeli Bride and Abraham on Mt Sinai.
Goddess of the Tides. Painted by Jonathon Earl Browser. Copyright 1993. Websource: http://www.jonathonart.com/tide.html This is the source for the first picture of Asherah on my site. The painting is solely his, but I added the text "Asherah" on it.
Long, Asphodel P. Asherah, the Tree of Life and the Menorah : Continuity of a Goddess symbol in Judaism? The First Sophia Fellowship Feminist Theology Lecture . The College of St. Mark & St. John. Plymouth. 4th December 1996 . Published by Goddessworld Webs, July 2002. Copyright by Asphodel P Long. Websource:
http://www.amaranthine.freeserve.co.uk/pages/goddess_writings/asherah.htm This article is packed full of information about Asherah and how the menorah is related to her in the form of the stylized Tree of Life. I used this for general facts and information used in my story.
Stone, Merlin. Ancient Mirrors of Womanhood: A Treasury of Goddess and Heroine Lore from Around the World. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979. This is one source for basic information about Asherah.
The Hebrew Goddess. Published by The Esoteric Theological Seminary. Copyright © 1999 - 2003. Websource: http://northernway.org/hgoddess.html. This is the source for the second picture on the website. I also used this to get general information about Asherah.
Yahweh and the Asherah. Published by Genesis of Eden Diversity Encylopedia. Copyright by Chris King. Websource: http://www.dhushara.com/book/orsin/asherah.htm. This is the source for the picture of Tell Dan, Israel.
Brigid:
Brigid, Celtic Art Gallery. Original pen and ink by Joanna Powell Colbert. Image published by JPC Artworks. Copyright 1986 All rights reserved. Websource: http://www.jpc-artworks.com/gallery/celtic/brigid.html This is the source for the black and white drawing of Brigid. (filename: brigid 0)
Brigid the Goddess, Brigid the Saint. by K.J. Reynolds. Published by Spiritual Sanctuary. copyrights 1997, 1999. Websource: http://www.spiritualsanctuary.com/Brigid.htm This is the source for the picture of Brighid’s well, and also general information about Brighid and the sacred wells and sites in Great Britain (filename: BRIGWELL).
Brigid: The Goddess of Imbolc and Celtic Europe, by Gwydion. Published by Real Magick: The Occult Library, copyright 2001. Websource: http://realmagick.com/articles/07/1807.html I used this as one of the sources for the name variations of Brighid throughout Europe, as well as general information about Brighid.
Brigid: The Survival of a Goddess. by Winter Cymres. Published by The Druid Grove. Copyright 1995. Websource: http://druidry.org/obod/deities/brigid.html This is a great source for an in-depth look at Brighid throughout the ages- who she is, how and why she survived up to this day. I used this source specifically for the variations of her name, Imbolc holiday, the Merlin story, her association with animals, fire and the hearth, among other things.
Brighid’s Fire. by Lady Brighid, copyright 1999-2003 All rights reserved. Websource: http://www.brighidsfire.com/ Source for last picture on page, with Brigid’s Cross and prayer. (filename: brigid prayer)
Brighid’s Fire. by Lady Brighid, copyright 1999-2003 All rights reserved. Websource: http://www.brighidsfire.com/frameset.html This is the source for the Brigid stained glass (filename: brigid stained glass) and also for the mostly orange picture of Brigid with a wolf (filename: brigid 1)
Condren, Mary. The Serpent and the Goddess: Women, Religion and Power in Celtic Ireland. San Francisco: Harper & Row Publishers, 1989. This is the main source for the historic information with the syncretism of the Celtic Brighid
with Catholicism and the canonization of the fictitious St Brigit.
Ellis, Peter Berresford. Celtic Women: Women in Celtic Society and Literature. Grand Rapids, Michigan. William B Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1995. pp 22-23. This is the main source for the story about Danu and creation. I changed it a bit from what Ellis wrote, adding some more details. This is also the main source for the origin story of Brighid and The Dagda.
Gallery: People. Images by Hilary Tully, copyright Hilary Tully. Published by Shee Eire. Websource: http://www.shee-eire.com/Galleries/gallery1/people/Page1.htm This is the source for the amazing wedge shaped images with Celtic designs in them (filenames: celtic 1 and celtic 2).
Holidays or Sabbats. author unknown. Websource: http://www.angelfire.com/journal/ofapoet/holidays.html Even though this site does not mention the author’s name, it was a good, quick, online reference on Imbolc and Corn Maiden, which agrees with many other published sources on that topic that I have used.
Magic and Mythology- Gods and Goddesses: Brigit. Published and copyright by Shee Eire. Websource: http://www.shee-eire.com/Magic&Mythology/Gods&Goddess/Celtic/Goddess/Brigit/Factsheet1.htm This is an invaluable source for anyone wanting to learn about Celtic mythology or get images. I used this for general information on Brighid, including the variation on her name, her tower of fire on her head as an infant, and the importance of the hearth and Brighid’s relation to it. This is also the source for the first image, painted by John Duncan (filename: brigid 2).
Squire, Charles. The Mythology of the British Islands: Celtic Myth and Legend Poetry and Romance. London: Blackie and Son Limited, 1904? This is the source for the information about Brighid's husband Bress and other general information about the other Celtic gods and goddess.
Coatlique:
*Note: There are some discrepancies among sources as to who was conceived when the ball of feathers dropped onto Coatlique. Some sources say it was Huit, others say it was Coyol. Most agree that it was Huit who was conceived. Another discrepancy is that some say Coyol “incited” her brothers to kill their mother, and yet other sources that say she was the one trying to protect her mother from her brothers. I gathered as many versions as I could, and wrote what I thought would make the most sense given the information I had. *
Aztec Photos. Published by Aztec Net. Websource: http://www.aztecnet.4mg.com/photo.html This is the source for the Aztec dancer.
Coatlique. Artwork by Hrana Janto. Copyright 1991-2002 Hrana Janto, All rights reserved. Websource: http://www.hranajanto.com/goddessgallery/GGF-home.html This is the source for the first image of Coatlique (filename: Coatlique 1)
Coatlique. Published by Women’s International Center. Copyright 1994-2003, Women’s International Center. Websource: http://www.wic.org/artwork/coatliqu.htm This is the source for the second painting of Coalique (filename Coatlique 2), as well as facts and general information on Coatlique.
Coatlique. Author unknown. Websource: http://pw1.netcom.com/~fresne/coatlique.htm This is one of the sources I used that mentioned a different version of the way Huit and Coyol came about. While this site does not mention an author, there were other references in my other readings that mentioned a connection between Coatlique and the waters of Tlalocan, and Coatlique being the goddess of the dead in Tlalocan, so I incorporated this into my story.
Creation. Source of Pictoglyph unknown. Websource: http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~runnion/314/fall00/legends/Intro/Aztecs/creation/intro.htm This is the source for the pictoglyph of Huit.
Sones, Michael. “The Aztecs, Ambivalence and Beauty.” Published 2000 by Beautyworlds.com. Websource: http://www.beautyworlds.com/aztecs.htm I used this source for information on Aztec women’s daily lives as well as the significance of blood, the heart and human sacrifice.
Stone, Merlin. Ancient Mirrors of Womanhood: A Treasury of Goddess and Heroine Lore from Around the World. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979. I used this as one of the sources on the basic story of Coatlique.
The Goddess Coyolxauhqui. Painting by Lisa Hunt. Copyright Lisa Hunt 2003, All rights reserved. Websource: http://www.lisahuntart.com/coyolxahqui.html This is the source for the beautiful painting of Coyol.
The Traveling Medicine Man Show. Art(?) and text by Maria Chaviel and Chabiel Dargahi. Published by Historical Science Publishing. Websource: http://www.hsp-aztec.com/TMMS.htm This is the source for the two very colorful paintings of an aztec woman and Aztec girl (filenames: aztec girl and aztec women).
Spider Grandmother:
** Please read notes by starred (*) entries.**
Drums. Site published by TurtleBear Art Trading Company. Artwork/Drum made by Carlene Farmer. Websource: http://www.turtlebeartradingco.com/1drums.html This is the source for the picture of Spider Woman’s drum (filename spider drums).
* Griffin-Pierce, Trudy. Native Peoples of the Southwest. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2000. This is one of the two main sources for the basic Creation story (the other is listed under Stone, Merlin). This version is by far the most popular among the Hopi and other Western Pueblo people. In this version, Spider Grandmother is not the main creator, but is a helper to the Sun Spirit, and she guides the people from the first to second world, then from the second to third, then third to fourth world. The people who were created in the first world were “soft” people, that looked dog-like and had webbed feet. As the people progressed upwards though each subsequent world, they “hardened” and became more human like, with more human like personality characteristics. Those who remained in the three “underworlds” became demons and occasionally slip into this world to cause wickedness.
Mysts of Darkness. Site published by “Vampyra.” Websource: http://www.vampyra.com/poetry/demons.htm Source for the picture of the young Spider Woman (filename: spider w4).
Spider Woman. Site created and published By Anita Ryan. Websource: http://www.goddess.com.au/goddess/spider.htm This is the source for the Dreamcatcher picture (filename: spider w3).
Spider Woman. Site published by St. Thomas Studio. Painting by Susan St. Thomas. Websource: http://www.stthomasstudio.com/portfolio_paintngs/PP_spider.html This is the source for the first picture of Spider Woman on the page (filename: spider w5)
Spider Woman Legends. Site published by Ellie Crystal. Last updated, Nov 6 2003. Websource: http://www.crystalinks.com/spiderwoman.html This is the source for picture of the Old Spider Woman (filename spider w1).
* Spider Woman and the Twins. Adapted from "The Book of Hopi" By Frank Waters, Ballantine Books, 1963. Published and Copyright 2001 by Earthbow. Websource: http://www.earthbow.com/native/hopi/spider.htm This is the source for the names of Sun Spirit and Spider Grandmother, as well as basic story information that is more common among the pueblo people, (which is explained above in the Bibliography reference under Griffin-Pierce).
* Stone, Merlin. Ancient Mirrors of Womanhood: A Treasury of Goddess and Heroine Lore from Around the World. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979. I used this as one of the two main sources for the basic creation story. This book recounts the story told by the Keres speaking Kia Pueblo people, and has Spider Woman as the only one who existed in the beginning of time. In their version, only she and her daughters created the world and all the people and attached the spider silk to their heads. I used this version for the bulk of the story because it had more detail about Spider Grandmother. However, as I said, this Creation story deviates in significant ways to the bulk of other Pueblo subdivisions. The other major source, which is most popular among the other Pueblo people, is referenced above in this bibliography under Griffin-Pierce, and an online version that is closest to this most popular version is listed above as “Spider Woman and the Twins.”
