Primary Sources
Websites
Bennington, Adam. Military Orders of the Crusades. 16 Jan. 2005 <http://www.adambennington.com/
military_orders/>. Picture of the Knights Templar seal.
Orion Center for the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls. 16 Jan. 2005
<http://orion.mscc.huji.ac.il/>. Provided images of the Dead Sea Scrolls, or fragments of
them.
"Reichstag 9-11." Stimso Portal. 16 Jan. 2005 <http://www.100megsfree4.com/stimso/>. Provided
image of Baphomet 'pentacle'.
Satanic Reds. Yahoo! Geocities. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://www.geocities.com/satanicreds/rtlimages.html>. Visual diagrams of the Atbash Cipher the Hebrew alphabet put in the way of the cipher, explanation and history of the cipher, and various pentagram images of the Hebrew words for ‘Baphomet’ and its decoded counterpart.
Wikipedia. 16 Jan. 2005 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Baphomet.png>. Provided image of
Baphomet by Elphias Levi.
Secondary Sources
Websites
“Ancient Secrets and the New World Order.” Secret Societies. 6 Dec. 2004 <http://www.megamallandmall.com/secrets.html>. Described the Essenes, Gnostics, Cathars, and Templars and their histories—coincidentally the users of the Atbash Cipher...
“Atbash Cipher.” At ReligionAbout.com. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://atreligion.about.com/library/glossary/bldefatbashcipher.htm>. This website defined the Atbash Cipher as a ‘Kabalistic alphabet cipher’ and confirmed what many sources had said the cipher was used by the Knights Templar to hide key terms from unwanted eyes and to prevent potential prosecution by the Church.
“Baphomet.” Free Definition. 6 Dec. 2004 <http://www.freedefinition.com/Baphomet.html>. Although my subject doesn’t focus completely on Baphomet, it is necessary to gather information on it because it’s what the Templars tried to hide using a cipher. This explains how the Templars sealed their own end as heretics.
“Baphomet.” Liber Minor. Tripod. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://members.tripod.com/~Minor_Arcana/chaos320.htm>. Gives a theory on how the Knights Templar came to know of the Atbash Cipher through the Essenes, to the Gnostics, to the Cathars, and finally to themselves.
“Baphomet.” Science Daily. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://www.sciencedaily.com/encyclopedia/baphomet>. Gives information about the theorized origins of Baphomet and the Atbash Cipher theory.
"Mysteries of the Templars--the Baphomet." Crystal Links. 12 Dec. 2004
<http://www.crystalinks.com/templars3.html>. Provided various quotes, all of which were
related significantly to the Knights Templar. Some were related to the Atbash Cipher, too.
Coven of Cythrawl. 6 Dec. 2004 <http://www.covenofcythrawl.com/Number33.htm>. A more in-depth, thorough list of Baphomet possibilities, the origin of the name and how it possibly evolved to what the Templars used.
Dafoe, Stephen. “The Baphomet Mythos.” Templar History. 6 Dec. 2004 <http://www.templarhistory.com/baphomet.html>. Explains why worship of Baphomet was so sinful and wrong. Also explains what Baphomet was described as.
. “Baphomet: the Atbash Cipher Theory.” Templar History. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://www.templarhistory.com/atbash.html>. Focused on the unknown name ‘Baphomet’ and the application of the Atbash Cipher by Hugh Schonfield, which revealed the name Sophia, goddess of wisdom.
. “Baphomet: What’s In a Name?” Templar History. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://www.templarhistory.com/name.html>. The name/encryption ‘Baphomet’ is speculated on the possible history of the development of it, derived from forms of Muhammad or Abufihamat, or just from the Greek words ‘Baph’ and ‘Metis’.
Dafoe, Stephen, and Alan Butler. “Bernard of Clairvaux.” Templar History. 6 Dec. 2004 <http://www.templarhistory.com/stbernard.html>. Provides information on St. Bernard of Clairvaux, who could be described as a ‘fanatic worshiper of the Virgin Mary’...
Dafoe, Stephen, and D. V. Kelleher. “Were the Templars Heretics?” Templar History. 6 Dec. 2004 <http://www.templarhistory.com/heretics.html>. Discusses the possibility of the Templars being heretics. The Templars were tortured and put to death as heretics anyway for worshiping Baphomet, which was why ciphers such as the Atbash Cipher were so important.
“Guardians of Darkness.” Baphomet: the Sigil of Baphomet. Yahoo! Geocities. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://www.geocites.com/go_darkness/godbaphomet.html>. Explains who or what Baphomet was and who or what Baphomet wasn’t. Also explains why Baphomet was an object of worship and its ties to the Atbash Cipher.
“Judaism 101: Hebrew Alphabet.” Judaism 101. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://www.jewfaq.org/alephbet.htm>. This website gave me the whole Hebrew alphabet, which was a need-to-know thing when studying a cipher based on it.
“Knights Templar.” Brainy Encyclopedia. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/encyclopedia/k/kn/knights_templar.html>. This source gives a detailed history of the Knights Templar and speculation on how they knew about the Atbash Cipher and applied it to words in their texts.
“Liber Minor: Baphomet.” The Mage.net. 5 Dec. 2004 <http://www.themage.net/Evil/Liber%20MinorBaphomet.htm>. The importance of Baphomet in the Templar society, how the Atbash Cipher passed to the Templars, and two theories of decoding ‘Baphomet’.
Peters, Alan. “Knights Templar: Era 1118 to 1312.” Knights Templar. Tripod. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://alandpeters.tripod.com/knightstemplarera1188to1312/id10.html>. This was a link of the same website from the main page which was focused completely on the Knights Templar. It provided information about why it occurred to Dr. Hugh Schonfield to apply the Atbash Cipher to various words in the Dead Sea Scrolls.
“The Sigil of Baphomet.” Lylyth.org. 6 Dec. 2004 <http://home.wi.rr.com/lylythdotorg/symbols/sigilbaphomet.html>. Elphias Levi or Hugh Schonfield—who was right in their interpretation of Baphomet? This site answers part of the question, describing each of their theories.
“Vampiric Studies: Knights Templar.” Vampiric Studies. Yahoo! Geocities. 15 Nov. 2004 <http://www.geocities.com/vampiricstudies/knights.html>. This site was very helpful because it gave me the basic history of the Knights Templar the beginning, the founders, etc.
Books
Picknett, Lynn, and Clive Prince. The Templar Revelation: Secret Guardians of the True Identity of Christ. New York: Touchstone, 1997. 109-110. Briefly describes the ingenuity of the Templars using the Atbash Cipher to encrypt certain words, then moves on to show how the discovery of Baphomet/Sophia was so interesting.
Sawyer, John F. A. “Names and Numbers.” Sacred Language and Sacred Texts (Religion in the First Christian Centuries). London, UK: Routledge, 1999. 127-128. Gives specific names identified and decoded by the Atbash Cipher by Dr. Hugh Schonfield and other historians, as well as a slightly extended definition of the Atbash Cipher itself.